実験的応力解析の利点
お客様が開発しているのものが携帯電話、エンジン、飛行機などどんなものであっても、実験的応力解析を行うことにより、製品の部品の最適な寸法設計が可能になり、以下のようなメリットを得ることができます。
- 高品質の部品による、高い安全性
- 耐久性の高い部品による、高い信頼性
- 必要な部品だけを使うことによる、高い効率性
どのように応力を計測するのか？
- 部品の表面にストレインゲージを貼付します。
- 一定の負荷をかけ、部品の機械的応力を測定します。
- Then use the measured strain to determine the mechanical stresses in the component
Experimental stress analysis enables mechanical stresses in components to be measured. These may have three causes: external forces, residual stresses, and thermal stresses.
Loading stress: Forces (loads) that are applied from outside cause material loading.
Residual stress: Internal forces in the material - without any external forces being involved - cause residual stresses. These can arise, for example, from non-uniform cooling of cast components, from forging, or from welding.
Thermal stress: Thermal stresses occur in systems in which parts with different thermal expansion coefficients are used. They can arise if free thermal expansion of the components is prevented or as a result of non-uniform heating.
For strength analyses, mechanical stresses have to be considered independent of their cause. Residual stress and thermal stress affect components in the same way as loading stress.
Depending on their absolute value and sign, they can substantially reduce a component’s loading capacity with respect to external loads.
What is Hooke’s Law?
In the elastic deformation range of materials the methods of calculating the material stresses from the measured strains are based on Hooke’s Law. In its simplest form Hooke’s Law is:
σ = ε · Ε
σ = material stress
ε = strain
Ε = modulus of elasticity of the material
This version of Hooke’s Law only applies to the uniaxial stress state. Other stress states require extended versions.
負荷応力
残留応力
